![]() On the one hand, as worldwide the access to electricity inside homes is an important element for creating quality of life, off-grid houses may enable such an access in regions without a proper grid infrastructure. Houses not connected to the electricity grid or being able to (almost) operate without the electricity grid (i.e., off-grid houses) may become an important element in the future electricity infrastructure. The simulations use the DEMkit software and the analysis is performed using measured house load data for a period in winter and in summer. For this, a case description of a possible off-grid house in the Netherlands is presented together with some initial simulations results for this case using solar PV, the Sea-Salt battery, and a Glycerol Fuel Cell. Moreover, potential research directions for technologies in off-grid houses are presented in more detail. The focus here is on the different efforts to create off-grid houses considering their challenges on a macro and micro level. This paper reviews the recent developments to increase the access to electricity in the world and the implementation of off-grid houses in different scenarios. ![]() Another worldwide trend which may help to increase electricity access is that currently, a lot of renewable energy generation is realized locally in houses (especially Solar Photovoltaics (PV)). ![]() This situation is most apparent in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the current trends of electricity access calculated by the World Bank indicate that this region will not be able to achieve the SDG 7 target. Although there are quite some initiatives in place to improve the access to electricity, the implementation rate of practical solutions is far below the UN Sustainable Development Goal 7: Energy (SDG 7) + for 2030. Off-grid houses can be considered an important concept to increase the access to electricity throughout the world. ![]()
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